What is an example of discrimination by association?

Discrimination by association occurs when an individual faces discrimination or bias not because of their own characteristics or identity, but rather due to their connection or relationship with someone else who possesses those characteristics. In this case, a person being harassed because their family member is LGBTQ+ exemplifies discrimination by association.

This type of discrimination highlights the impact that societal prejudices can have on individuals who may not share the same traits, yet are still subjected to negative treatment due to their association with individuals who do. Such harassment can manifest in various forms, including derogatory comments, exclusion, or even hostility, reflecting the underlying biases that extend beyond the individual directly affected.

The other scenarios presented, while indicative of discrimination, pertain directly to individuals based on their own characteristics or qualifications rather than through associations with others. This distinction is crucial in understanding the different dimensions of discrimination and ensuring that all forms of bias are recognized and addressed.