Which of the following is a cost associated with implementing new technology in a business?

The option that mentions capital investment for technology accurately represents a cost associated with implementing new technology in a business. When a company decides to adopt new technology, it often involves significant expenditures, such as purchasing hardware, software, or any necessary machinery. This upfront capital investment is typically one of the largest costs a business faces during the transition to new technological solutions.

In contrast, the other options—improved employee productivity, increased customer satisfaction, and enhanced product quality—are benefits that can arise from the successful implementation of new technology. While these outcomes are desired, they are not costs; rather, they represent the positive impact that technology can have on a business once it is in place and being utilized effectively. Therefore, while businesses may consider the potential benefits, the capital investment remains a direct financial burden that must be managed during the implementation phase.