Which of the following is a short-term source of finance for a household?

Accrued expenses represent amounts that a household owes for goods or services that have been received but not yet paid for. This creates a liability that is generally expected to be settled in the short term, making it a source of finance that fulfills immediate cash flow needs. By using accrued expenses, households can manage their finances without needing to secure additional funding through loans or other means. This is particularly useful for covering routine expenses until cash inflow occurs.

In contrast, long-term loans are typically used for larger investments or purchases and are expected to be repaid over an extended period, often several years. Investment income, while it may provide cash flow, is not a direct source of finance but rather a return on capital that has already been invested. Equity financing involves raising funds by selling shares and is generally not a mechanism used by households for short-term needs; it is more applicable to businesses looking for capital.