Which role does the European Parliament NOT perform?

The European Parliament primarily focuses on the legislative and supervisory functions within the framework of the European Union. It engages in debates and approves new laws, plays a significant role in supervising the EU by discussing and evaluating various policies, and is involved in the approval process of the EU budget.

However, advising national governments is not one of the primary roles of the European Parliament. The Parliament represents the citizens of the EU and acts as a legislative body rather than a body that directly advises individual national governments. Its primary interactions are with the European Commission and the Council of the European Union, rather than with national governments directly, which distinguishes its functions relative to the other options presented.