Which scenario best exemplifies indirect discrimination?

Indirect discrimination occurs when a policy or practice that appears neutral on the surface has a disproportionately negative impact on a specific group of people based on a characteristic such as age, gender, disability, or ethnicity.

In the scenario where a height restriction is enforced that inadvertently excludes taller applicants, it demonstrates indirect discrimination because the requirement does not target a specific group directly but still results in a disadvantage for taller individuals who may face obstacles in hiring processes despite meeting all other qualifications. This approach treats all applicants equally based on a neutral policy yet leads to an unequal effect on a particular segment of the population, thereby exemplifying the essence of indirect discrimination.

The other scenarios illustrate forms of discrimination, such as direct discrimination or unjust treatment based on personal characteristics, rather than the broader implications of neutral policies leading to unequal outcomes.